2.3c: apply the electron-pair repulsion theory to predict the shapes of molecules and ions analogous to those in 2.3b

The shape of a molecule or ion depends on the number of electron pairs around the central atom

Electron pairs repel each other so that they stay as far away from each other as possible (minimum repulsion/maximum separation)

Lone pairs have greater forces of repulsion than bonded pairs, as they are held closer to the nucleus so have higher charge densities