2.4a: explain the meaning of the term electronegativity as applied to atoms in a covalent bond

Electronegativity: the ability of an atom to attract the electrons in a covalent bond

As you go up groups and across periods, electronegativity increases

FONClBrIdge (from highest electronegativity, downwards)

Electronegativity is affected by:

• nuclear charge
• the higher the charge, the more electronegative the atom
• atomic radius
• the smaller the radius, the more electronegative the atom
• shielding
• less shielding = more electronegativity